Most Brazilians who practice planning are architects, who specialized in urbanism and urban studies after studying planning theory and practice during their architectural training. We are still trying to determine the extent and nature of design review for proposed new projects (admittedly a California obsession): it appears that new development may or may not receive any sort of design approval, and may be approved locally only, or by state or federal reviewers, depending upon the nature of the project and its conformance with applicable codes or plans. But in any case, planning departments are called such things as Department of Urbanism (translated), and most practitioners would probably call themselves urbanists or urban designers when not entertaining their brethren from America.
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